2002

Last update on 12/03/2015

Experimental study of in situ biremediation on marine sediment contamined by crude oil / Stéphane Le Floch

 

Thesis jointly supervised by the University of Western Brittany. PhD jointly supervised by: Pierre Le Corre

Committee: Michel Glémarec, Jean Oudot, Michel Girin, Kenneth Lee

 

Abstract: The bioremediation of marine sediments polluted by crude oil was studied through two field experiments to evaluate the interest of fertilisation and oxygenation on a muddy sediment, to test the toxicity of these techniques on a marine organism, and to determine the efficiency of two bioremediation products on oil biodegradation kinetic. The experiment on muddy sediment shown that first bioremediation techniques should, in the first place, compensate the oxygen depletion and, only after, they should supply nutrient. The results of the second experiment shown that bioremediation product efficiency is strongly linked to environmental parameters, and particularly to marine hydro dynamism. The efficiency of bioremediation techniques as a response method to cleanup coasts affected by an oil spill has been acknowledged but bioremediation treatments should be implemented as a fine cleanup method once standard cleanup is terminated.

 

Bibliographical reference: http://doc.cedre.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4746

Behaviour of floating pollutants in case of an accidental spillage at sea / Gwenaëlle Le Goff-Bucas

 

Thesis jointly supervised by the University of Paris 6. PhD jointly supervised by: Alain SALIOT

Committee: Jean OUDOT, Daniel PICART, Marcel CHAUSSEPIED, Michel GIRIN, Michel MARCHAND, Roger PICHON

 

Abstract:  The effects of sea pollution by vegetable oils have coating properties with affect marine life, tourism and yachting. Beside, laboratory experiments, as well as flume test and sea trials carried out for this study have shown that vegetable oils are able to disperse in the water column, to form emulsions, that remain in the environment and to polymerise. Those phenomena can cause less visible damage, on the benthos for instance. In the same way, floating chemical pollutants can kill marine life when dispersing in the water column because of their toxic properties. Therefore, it seems necessary that both types of pollutants be removed quickly from the water after a spill. Recovery operations will neither be influenced by the salinity nor by the temperature of the damaged zone, because those parameters do not affect emulsification and dispersion processes. Moreover, clay particles may help bioremediation of vegetable oils. On the contrary, U.V. rays cause the polymerisation of the oils and, as a result, increase their residence time. However, since those types of pollutants float on the sea surface, common recovery devices designed for crude oils may be used.
 
Bibliographical reference: http://doc.cedre.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7256

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